ABSTRACT
Energy is one commodity on which provision of goods and
services depend. Its availability and consumption rate is an economic index to
measure the development of any community. Nigeria has limitation to power
supply from the National grid which has adverse effect on the populace‟s
economic and social development. This necessitates the need for other sources
of viable alternative to which hydropower schemes is the best and sustainable.
Goronyo Dam was built across River Rima in 1984 and was commissioned in 1992 in
Sokoto State of Nigeria. It has a storage capacity 942,000000 m3and
a catchment of 21,445 km2. The aim of this research to investigate
and assess the hydropower potential of Goronyo Dam using Rainfall Data from
1986 - 2015.The research was carried out using HEC - HMS (Hydrological
Engineering Centre - Hydrologic Modeling System) Software designed U.S Army
Corps of Engineers, Sequent - Method or Analytical Method. The HEC-HMS was used
for analyzing rainfall Data. The parameters (evaporation, direct rainfall,
inflow etc.) needed for computing the required storage capacity were calculated
separately using appropriate equations. The sediment volume of the Reservoir
was also determined. This study revealed that the volume of sediments in the
Reservoir was 26,179,302m3and has lost storage capacity at about its
dead storage (21,500,000m3) with an excess of 4,679,302m3.The
discharge required for estimating hydropower potential of Goronyo Reservoir was
computed as 268m3/s.The head of the Reservoir was 9.5 m.It was also
found that the Reservoir isexperiencing seepage mostly during periods of high
flow at some areas with annual discharge of146, 684.81L/yr. The water collected
from the relief wells was clean indicating the absence of piping through the
dam embankment.
The peak discharge (18624m3/s) of the dam was
used for calculating the peak power as 1735.667 MW for hydro power and
1388.531MW for hydroelectric power while the discharge (268m3/s) gotten
from water balance analysis was used for calculating the theoretical power and
actual power of the Dam. The theoretical power of the dam was calculated as
25MW while the actual power was calculated as 20MW. With generation capacity of
20 MW, reveals that Goronyo Reservoir has the hydropower potential for
hydroelectric power generation and by classification of hydropower Goronyo dam
belong to the medium hydropower scheme. In order to maintain the design live
span of the Dam, there is need for rehabilitation and dredging.
CHAPTER
ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
of the Study
The idea of the study of hydropower potential of Goronyo dam
is to seehow a power plant can be installed using the dam water to produce
electricity for areas where national power supply is not sufficient or none at
all in the state.
The name hydroelectricity originates from a Greek word known
as “hydro” meaning water. Hydroelectric power was initiated in India in 1897
with a run-off river unit near Darjeeling (Kumar, 2004).
Hydroelectric power comes from the natural flow of water.
The energy is produced by the fall of water turning the blades of a turbine.
The turbine is connected to a generator that converts the energy into
electricity and this is only possible when a dam is built to trap water,
usually in a valley where there is an existing lake. The amount of electricity
a system can produce depends on the quantity of water passing through a turbine
and the height from which the water „falls‟ (head). The greater the flow and
the head, the more electricity produced. The structure that houses the turbine
and generator is called the power house (Kumar, 2004). Hydropower is one of the
three principal sources of energy used to generate electricity. The other two
being fossil fuels and nuclear fuels. Hydroelectricity has certain advantages
over other sources. It is pollution free during operation. It has longer live
spans compared to those of coal and nuclear plants. The dams that are used in
the power plants help prevent flooding and supply a regulated flow of
irrigation water and water supply to the areas below the dam.
The
exploitable hydropower potential in Nigeria is conservatively estimated to be
about 10,000 MW (Francis, 2004). Only about 19% is currently been trapped or
developed. The hydropower potential in Nigeria accounts for about 29% of the
total electricity supply (Sambo, 2005). The energy sector distribution in
Nigeria is as shown in Table 1.1
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Item Type: Project Material | Size: 125 pages | Chapters: 1-5
Format: MS Word | Delivery: Within 30Mins.
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