ABSTRACT
As new technologies emerge; the English language evolves ways of
describing them. The more there are changes in society so does the English
language also change to enhance appropriate communication in the era. It is in
view of the above that this thesis identifies the extent to which technological
words have influenced English vocabulary, in the 21st century, using senior
secondary school students’ essays. Forty (40) essay scripts were sampled from
four selected senior secondary schools in Abakaliki urban of Ebonyi state. The
analysis of data was guided by linguistic principles. It investigated the
proliferation of technological words, which have formed the language of
technology, on students’ writings through qualitative data analysis to
ascertain whether there is a deviation from the conventional vocabulary of
English. The findings reveal that the rules of structure and word formations in
the English language are broken by the students in order to meet their social
needs. These are anchored on the contributions of mobile phones and Internet
technologies on English as a changing language, especially on its lexis.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page
Abstract
Table of Contents
CHAPTER ONE:
Introduction
1.1 Background to the Study
1.2 Statement of the Problem
1.3 Purpose of the Study
1.4 Significance of the Study
1.5 Scope of the Study
1.6 Research Questions
CHAPTER TWO:
Review of Related Literature
2.1 Technological Developments and English
2.1.1 The Internet and Internet Chats
2.1.2 Mobile Phone and Text Messages
2.2 Vocabulary Development
2.3 English as a Changing Language
2.3.1 Lexical Change
2.3.2 Semantic Change
2.4 Empirical Studies
2.5 Summary of Review of the Related Literature
CHAPTER THREE:
Theoretical Framework and Research Methodology
3.1 Theoretical Framework
3.1.1 Weak-Tie Theory
3.1.2 Renate Bartsch’s Theory of Linguistic Norms
3.2 Research Methodology
3.2.1 Research Design
3.2.2 Area of Study
3.2.3 Population of Study
3.2.4 Sample and Sampling Technique
3.2.5 Method of Data Collection
3.2.6 Instrument for Data Collection
3.2.7 Method of Data Analysis
CHAPTER FOUR:
Presentation and Analysis of Data
4.1 Analysis of Results
4.1.1 Language of Technological Words in the Selected Scripts
4.1.2 Grammatical Errors
4.2 Discussions of the Findings
4.2.1 Research Question One
4.2.2 Research Question Two
CHAPTER FIVE:
Summary, Conclusion and Recommendations
5.1 Summary
5.2 Conclusion
5.3 Recommendations
5.4 Suggestions for Further Research
Works Cited
Appendices
CHAPTER ONE: Introduction
1.1 Background to the Study
The study of vocabulary in the English language is
an area of work that has received a great deal of attention over the past few
decades. Sorting and systematizing vocabulary in the language according to
technological inventions and contacts with other languages of the world have
been done in order to identify the frequent use of such words and their
formations in contemporary English, which have added to varieties of English.
That English is being referred to as a global language is no doubt because of
its vocabulary in various fields of learning, especially in the area of
technological development. Today, technology is the most prominent of the
various fields that have left trademark on English usage among the speakers in
the world through new patterns of communication that have great influence on
the writings of students and other users. Technology has extended the
vocabulary dimension of English and changed the ways students write,
communicate and express themselves with the vocabulary.
Vocabulary is, in actual sense, the essence of every language. Long and
Richards characterize vocabulary as ‘the core component of all the language
skills’ (xii). In Nigeria, the English language is studied as a second language
and the learners also take cognizance of its vocabulary through the existence
of technological development. It is not hard to imagine the reason for the
importance of vocabulary in English. As Wilkins puts it, ‘without grammar very
little can be conveyed, without vocabulary nothing can be conveyed’ (iii). This
explicates the obvious importance of the English vocabulary in communication,
which ‘connects to the systems of phonology, morphology, syntax, grammar and to
meaning systems’ (Jeanine Treffers-Daller 23). We should deduce from Wilkins
and Treffers-Daller that without vocabulary, there will be no sentence, no text
and no language. While
Moreover, the English language in itself takes new forms. It has changed
substantially over the 1,500 years of its use, reflecting patterns of its
contacts with other languages and the changing communication needs of the
people. The purpose for which it is used has grown more than before. English is
everywhere and at the leading edge of technological development, which has
given rise to new vocabulary, grammatical forms and ways of speaking and
writing (David Graddol 1998) ‘with the internet and the information
superhighway providing extra thrust’ (Akwanya 3). The extra thrust noted by
Akwanya is no doubt the impact of internet on users, especially on the area of
vocabulary. Teachers of English as a second language and researchers always
acknowledge the immense technological achievements, communicative power, and
social potentials of the Internet, but express their concerns on the influence
on users (David Crystal 2004). The communication on the internet is a
development of a technological kind of English known as ‘net English’ (David
Crystal 22). The expansion of new forms of vocabulary through technology is the......
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