ABSTRACT
The research aims at
determining the factors that influence tourism travels by academic staff of
selected universities with a view of identifying the constraining factors that
hinders their tourism habits and making suitable recommendation to encourage
participations in leisure tourism. A structured questionnaire was designed and
validated and administered through cluster sampling procedure. The review of
literature was made on the determinant of tourism and its related activities.
The result of the analyzed data provided by the respondent revealed that
academic staff were more involved in work related tripsthan leisure trips. It
also revealed that academic rank has a significant influence on the frequency
of travels by academic staff the study concluded with recommendation for
improvement in tourism participation.
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
The World Tourism Organisation defines tourism as “the
activities of persons traveling to and staying in places outside their usual
environment for not more than one consecutive year for leissure, business and
other purposes.” This broad definition of tourism is then broken down into six
categories according to the purpose of the trip: Leisure, recreation and
holidays; Visiting friends and relatives: Business and professional activities;
Health treatment; Religious and pilgrimages. Those that engage in tourism -
i.e. tourists can also be divided into international tourists and domestic
tourists and into overnight tourists and same-day visitors.
The individual tourist is believed to be influenced by the
social, cultural or nationality groups that they belong to. Thus the collective
value, taste, lifestyle, and characteristics of social, national or cultural
groups are interpreted as instrumental in moulding individual tourist's
behaviour and taste in some structured manner. (Butler, 1991); and (Holloway
and Plant, 1998), suggests that there is a strong tendency for individuals to
conform to the norms and values of social groups (peers, students, workmates,
friends, neighbours and relations) cultural, national or regional groups in
their aggregate patterns of demand for tourism products. Also, tourists' habits
and participation pattern is a function of available resources; that is
destination product supply tends to influence tourist's pattern.
The observation that tourism
demand is determined by an individual‟s age, economic, social, and cultural
background has been confirmed by many studies in the developed world (Smith,
1990; Moscardo, 1996; Gunn, 1972). Such position subsequently has been widely
adopted and applied in planning, design and development of leisure facilities
and tourism destinations (Bhaha, 1982). In the third world, the determinants of
tourism habits are generally poorly understood and have resulted from
inadequate studies and information. Data on the demographic, economic, social
and cultural influences on tourism habits of social groups is a major area of
deficiency reported in the literature (Buhart and Meduk, 1975). In some other
instances, contradictory reporting has been made on the influence of the
factors (Parolin 2001; Dann 1996). To provide adequate information on tourism
patterns and their explanation for planning purposes, studies are therefore
required that disaggregate data at population cluster levels, where attributes
such as income, educational level and social status are captured. From such
clusters, tourism behaviour, attitude and demand pattern can easily be
predicted and explained. This study examines the tourism habits of academic
staff in universities whose data is either not readily available or where available,
is erroneously reported.
In addition to the need of establishing baseline data on the
tourism habit of university lecturers, the study will disaggregate travel
patterns of Academic staff by category of tourism activities engaged in. This
relates to finding answers to the following questions:
1.
What types of tourism activity are
academic staff engaged in?
2.
What are the factors that explain
the tourism habits of academic staff?
3.
What is the correlation between
social statuses and tourism pattern?
The findings of the study shall provide the data base for
refining the known positions on the tourism habits of groups which usually
exists in generalized and aggregate terms.
1.2 Aim
The aim is to appraise the tourism habits and characteristics
of academic staff in selected universities in Nigeria with a view to
identifying patterns and explanations, and making appropriate recommendations.
1.3 Objectives
1.
To review and identify the
determinants of tourism habits among social groups.
2.
To examine the tourism habits and
characteristics of academic staff in selected universities.
3.
To determine the factors that
influences the tourism habits of staff in the selected institutions.
4.
To highlight lessons to be learnt
and make appropriate recommendations for the improvement of tourism habits
among academic staff.
1.4 Scope
and Limitation
The scope of the research is to establish the tourism habits
of academic staff of selected tertiary Institutions. The issues covered include
determinants of tourism and types of tourism the academic staff engage in. This
is to establish pattern and limitations to staff participation in tourism
activities.
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Item Type: Project Material | Size: 71 pages | Chapters: 1-5
Format: MS Word | Delivery: Within 30Mins.
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