ABSTRACT
This research set out to analyze the needs and preference of Nigerian employees with a view to determining how they can be effectively motivated to perform optimally at work for the overall benefit of their organizations and themselves. Various motivation theories including Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs, Hertzberg’s Hygiene theory and Alderfer’s famous ERG theory of motivation were reviewed. The population of the study comprised of the entire staff of the Nigerian Bottling Company, 7up Bottling Company, mainly in Enugu. Questionnaires were administered and the data analyzed using simple percentage, while the chi-square statistic was used to test the formulated hypotheses. The questionnaires dealt with the motivational impact of salaries, fringe benefits, regular promotion, status enhancement and job security among others. Remuneration was discovered to be a key motivator irrespective of staff status within the organization. The study revealed that an average Nigerian employee would be motivated by prospects of promotion and motivated the more if promoted. Constant elevation at work based on merit, backed up with financial rewards remains a valued preference of the workers. Stagnation on a particular rank is abhorred by the employees. It is recommended that further research should be conducted in the other locations where soft drink industry is established in Nigeria.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The survival of any organization in a period of plenty, scarcity and turbulence depends on multifarious factors of which employee motivation is paramount (Muo, 1999:16).
An organization can be seen as an entity and also a process of co-ordinating individual effort to accomplish a common objective. It is a group of people bound together to provide unity of action for one achievement of a predetermined objective. According to Koontz (1988:40), to form an organization and make it accomplish its goal, two broad components have to interact for goal accomplishment. Of this two elements, human is no doubt the
Human beings are complex, rational and unpredictable and hence deserve special attention while materials are inanimate. Humans are characteristically unique, they posse’s personal aspirations and goals which most times are antithetical with those of the organization he works. The various complexities that could be either socio-biological or emotional tend to transform human being into attitudes and behaviours that are generally cumbersome erratic and unpredictable. These elements turn human being difficult to manage. Man is however, considered as an organizations greatest assets because with out him virtually nothing can take place. His importance ranges right from factory setting up to the top management level where actual strategic planning, organizing, directing and co-ordinating really takes place. The manager in an organization has to create in a man the appropriate state of mind, emotional stability and positive work attitude required for and favourable to the accomplishment of organizational goals. He must strive to adequately motivate the staff to elicit positive work attitude and perform it in compliance with pre-established standards of the organization. To do this, he must recognize the need and importance of effective motivation. It is only by so doing that productivity coupled with financial benefits will be enhanced and returns on investment worth while. This research examines the nature of the Nigeria employee with
According to Muo (1999:26), modern behaviour scientists are currently investigating a myriad of organizational problems ranging from the impact of equity on motivation to ways of enriching low-level assemblies of line work. The quest to determine and investigate the reasons behind various work attitudes such as increased labour turnover has made a lot of researchers delve into its related impact on productivity. Motivation has been severally and variously defined:
Swift (1981:30), views motivation as a drive to perform. It involves the effort, willingness persistence and a person’s desires to perform. The effect of motivation in any organization causes employees to be with or generally satisfied or dissatisfied with their jobs. He went ahead to define motivation as a label for determining choice to initiate effort, the choice to expand certain amount of effort and the choice to persist in expanding efforts over a period of time to achieve a given performance objective.
In a broader form (Muo, 1999:30) was of the view that fringe benefit must have an objective in an organization whether legally imposed by state or federal legislation or included in the contract of employment or constituted by management wish....
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