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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Table of Contents
Abstract
CHAPTER ONE: DESIGN OF THE STUDY
1.0 Introduction
1.1 The Research
Problem
1.2 Aim
1.3 Objectives
1.4 Scope of the
study
1.5 Background to
the study area
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Concept of
sanitation and sanitary facility
2.2.1 Sanitation: An
Overview
2.2.2 Importance of
sanitation
2.2.3 Behaviour
of people when nature calls in developing countries: Examples of bad practice
2.3 Public Toilets
2.3.1 The need for
public toilets
2.3.2 Flush and
discharge
2.3.3 When and where
public toilets should come in place
2.3.4 Design and
management consideration of public toilets
2.4 Detailed
design consideration of public sanitation facility
2.4.1 Immediate
Environment
2.4.2 Internal Design
of Public Sanitation Facility
2.4.3 Fitout of
Public Sanitation Facility
2.5.0 Potential
problems and misuse of public toilets
2.6.0 Public toilets
in developing countries- case studies
2.6.1 Public toilets
in informal settlements in Nairobi, Kenya
2.6.2 Public toilets
in Kano, Nigeria
2.6.3 Public Private Partnerships in Ghana
2.6.4 Dignified
mobile toilets system in Lagos, Nigeria
2.7.0 Provisioning
and management of public conveniences in the FCC Abuja
2.8.0 Abuja Sewerage
Master Plan
2.8.1 Number of
sewage treatment plants
2.8.2 Procedure
for applying and obtaining public toilets development approvals in Abuja, phase
1.
CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY
3.0 Research
Approach
3.1 Data
Collection Instruments
3.1.1 Use of
questionnaire
3.1.2 Use of
interview manual
3.1.3 Use of field
manual
3.2 Data
Collection Procedure
3.2.1 Questionnaire
Application
3.2.1.1 Sample frame
3.2.1.2 Sample size
3.2.1.3 Sampling
procedure
3.3 Techniques of
data analysis
CHAPTER FOUR: DATA ANALYSIS
4.1 Pattern of
distribution of conveniences
4.2 Quality of
facilities
4.2.1 Source(s) of
Water
4.2.2 Size of
cubicles
4.2.3 Floor to
ceiling height
4.2.4 Excreta
disposal method
4.2.5 Facing Design
and Material Use
4.2.6 Level of
Hygiene of the facilities
4.3 Adequacy of
public conveniences
4.4 Accessibility
of public conveniences
4.5 Safety of
Public Conveniences
4.6 Problems and
challenges of sanitary facilities in Garki district
CHAPTER IV: SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.0 Summary
5.1 Recommendations
5.1.1 General
Recommendation
5.1.2 Specific
Recommendation
5.1.2.1 Shopping Areas
5.1.2.2 Motor Parks
5.1.2.3 Market Places
5.1.2.4 Recreational
Areas
5.1.2.5 Religious Places
5.2 Conclusion
References
Appendices
ABSTRACT
Public sanitary facilities are crucial infrastructure
necessary for the social well-being and practical operation of a functioning
city. Human dignity is directly linked to access the safety and hygienic
sanitation and this formed one of the strongest indicator of a near perfect
city. The research focuses on assessing the adequacy and maintenance of
sanitary facilities in Garki districts. Garki as one of the pioneer district in
Abuja metropolis, has housed many public institutions like schools, churches,
mosques, major shopping centres, motor parks, markets and recreational areas
without a decent or functional sanitary facilities. Data for this research were
obtained from field using reconnaissance survey, user satisfaction survey and
the use of questionnaires. Findings revealed that public sanitary facilities in
these institutions in Garki district are inadequate and substandard in some
institutions while in others they are adequate but lack maintenance. In line
with the finding, some existing ones are reserved for the VIPs. The research
recommend that the authorities concerned should provide more toilet facilities
and upgrade those presently available. There should be serious enlightenment to
the public on the impending dangers of campaign about the effect of lack of
safety and hygienic sanitation and the and also there should be an effective
management of public sanitary facilities in FCC Abuja with specific reference
to Garki district.
CHAPTER ONE
DESIGN OF THE STUDY
1.0
INTRODUCTION
Public sanitary facilities are
crucial infrastructure necessary for the social well-being and practical
operation of a city. The provision of public sanitary facilities has
implications for public and individual health, transportation, crime
preventions, urban design, economic and cultural development and social equity.
Public Conveniences i.e. Toilets, Bathrooms, Urinals and Comfort rooms are
provided largely in public places and institutions. These places include
Markets, Motor Parks, Religious institutions, Mosques, Churches, Filling
stations, Hospitals, Airports, Sporting grounds, Schools etc. The right of
citizenship access to appropriate public toilets emerged in the west with the
rise of modernity.
Prior to the period of
enlightenment in Britain, urinating, and defecating was a public act, taking
place not only in fields and gardens, but also in the streets. By the mid 19th
century however, public toilets were built using the public purse to provide
citizens the means to urinate or defecate in public while away from home. It is
a long time however since Britain led the world with such public health
foresight. In most African cities, public conveniences are lacking in terms of
quality and quantity, thus residents and visitors are often left wondering where
to "go". There is therefore a real quality of life crisis looming for
all of us – especially the young and older members of society. There is a real
concern about both the quantity and quality of public conveniences provision in
Abuja and the associated problems this causes for the residents and visitors to
the city......
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